Q.1: Read the following statements carefully:
i) Scientist maintains a doubtful attitude towards data.
ii) Scientist regards finding as tentative unless they are verified.
a) i) & ii) are true
b) i) & ii) are false
c) i) is true & ii) is false
d) i) is false & ii) is true
Ans: a) i) & ii) are true
Q.2: Read the following statements carefully:
i) Scientist is objective, impartial and logical in collecting and interpreting data or making observations.
ii) Scientists personal biases does not influence the truth and facts even when they are not in conformity with his own opinions.
a) i) & ii) are true
b) i) & ii) are false
c) i) is true & ii) is false
d) i) is false & ii) is true
Ans: a) i) & ii) are true
Q.3: Who had given the Law of Parsimony?
a) Galileo Galilei
b) Immanuel Kant
c) William of Ockham
d) Isaac Newton
Ans: c) William of Ockham
(Imp Fact)
Law of Parsimony is also known as Occam’s Razor. It says, the simplest explanation is usually a best one. It means a curi must be stated in simple and precise terms. A theory explained in simple terms, which avoid complexities and assumption is most preferred one.
Q.4: Who said, physics as “sense-ex
perience economically arranged?”
a) Ernst Mach
b) Einstein
c) Pasteur
d) Francis Bacon
Ans: a) Ernst Mach
Q.5: Who was condemned and criticised by the church authorities about his findings that Sun is the centre of the solar system not the Earth?
a) Aristotle
b) Plato
c) Copernicus
d) Newton
Ans: c) Copernicus
Q.6: Who propounded the geocentric model which places Earth at the center of the universe, with the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars revolving around it?
a) Claudius Ptolemy
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Immanuel Kant
Ans: a) Claudius Ptolemy
(Imp Fact)
The Ptolemaic theory, also known as the Ptolemaic system, is an ancient astronomical model. Claudius Ptolemy (2nd Century AD) argues that Earth is the central body and other celestial bodies revolve around it.
Q.7: Who found that planets orbit the Sun in elliptical path in 17th Century?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Ernst Mach
d) Robert Boyle
Ans: b) Johannes Kepler
(Imp Fact)
Johannes Kepler revolutionized astronomy. Kepler, a German mathematician and astronomer, formulated three laws of planetary motion in the early 17th century. His work challenged the prevailing view of circular orbits of planets. He said that planets orbit the Sun in elliptical path.